J" pouch:
Usual candidates are those who have had their colon (large intestine, large bowel, all the same thing) removed due to UC or Familial Polyposis. The anal sphincter must be free of disease and competent. A pouch is created from a portion of the small intestine to make a holding vessel for stool, and connected to the rectal stump. Stool is liquid and enzymatic as it is basically a "continent" ileostomy, no pouch. Stooling frequency varies from person to person, diet, competency of sphincter, volume the pouch can hold which differs, etc., but average is 5-9x/day. Continence varies also depending on sphincter control, diet, and how your individual intestine reacts. Most folks have slight stool seepage at night. Perianal skin protection and using a pad is common. How long you can "hold" stool prior to seeking a restroom is individual.
Diet control, Imodium or Lomotil, sometimes even Metamucil or bran can help slow down the stool frequency and thicken it up.
Statistically, satisfaction with lifestyle after a year whether you have an ileostomy or a J pouch appears to be pretty equal. J pouches have a higher incidence of re-surgery, potential pouchitis; some have to be "taken down" (removed). I have had a couple of patients have their pouches removed as continence was poor. If Crohn's disease, one is not a candidate. Occasionally what biopsies and presents as UC has later been found to be Crohn's, and pouch was taken down. Much as some may have continence issues, others may have strictures and require re-surgery or dilation to keep things open in the rectal stump. In all, the upside is maintaining your anatomy and no external pouch. Psychologically this is very important to many and they opt for the J pouch. The surgery may be done in 1, 2, or 3 step process depending on the individual medical condition and surgeon. Takes a bit longer to get back to normal lifestyle than conventional ileostomy.
Comparing with an ileostomy: Upside: Faster and simpler surgery, less reoperation, lower complication rate. Stool is contained in an external pouch (we hope!!
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a little ostomy humor....). Frequency of emptying and need to slow down the stool flow is about the same. Skin is protected by the appliance. Downside: there can be containment issues (!!) Food blockages from what I have experienced with patients can be more troublesome, so diet restrictions may be a bit more, depending. Having a pouch on the abdomen can be difficult to adjust to for some.
Some folks have the small intestine sewn directly to the rectum without a "j" pouch; some still have good continence but more frequent stools and have to watch their diet more carefully.
Medical condition, age, and other factors may influence your surgeons or your own decision of what is the best operation for you. I say "for some" as everyone is an individual with their own sets of thoughts and circumstances. I couldn't say that one procedure is "better" than the other; that is for the individual and their physician to decide what is most appropriate and risks or not they wish to take.
There is a good web page:
www.uoaa.org with explanations of both. Look on the left, the menu I think says ostomy info. You can read or download info on all types of ostomies and continent procedures.
Hope this helps.